In the Letter by the Ottoman Sultan Selim I to the Safavid Shah Ismail I, dated circa 1514, rhetoric was used. A historian would most likely interpret the rhetoric in the passage as evidence that rulers of imperial states in the period circa 1450–1750 continued to;
Rhetorics is the use of language that is intended to convince an audience of something. It is synonymous with pomposity and bragging.
The Sultan applied rhetorics when he started addressing himself thus;
"the most glorious sovereign, the Caliph of God Most High in this world, haloed in victory, slayer of the wicked and of the infidel, guardian of the noble and the pious, the warrior in the path of God, the defender of the Faith, the standard-bearer of justice and righteousness."
In attributing these titles to himself, the Sultan tried to establish his b legitimacy and the fact that anyone attacking them was doing that against God's divine will.
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