B. The ultraviolet catastrophe
The quantum theory of light was proposed by Einstein,
It states that light travels in bundles of energy, and each bundle is known as a photon.
Each photon carries a quantity of energy equal to the product of the frequency of vibration of that photon and Planck's constant.
Einstein created the quantum theory of light,
The idea that light exists as tiny packets, or particles, which he called photons or "chunks"
By treating energy as a discrete quantity, Planck was able to arrive at a model which perfectly describes the radiance of a blackbody.
Planck solved the ultraviolet catastrophe by assuming that energy was not continuously divisible as we expect, but rather that it comes in discrete 'packets'.
Therefore,
The theory that light exists in quantized "chunks" was proposed in response to the ultraviolet catastrophe.
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