The most negative effect on the ecosystem, as caused by humans is overpopulation.
This is because overpopulation means excessive consumption.
Large-scale consumption and burning of fuel lead to more pollution.
Excessive production leads to more waste and excessive use of natural resources.
The more people, the faster the resources get consumed.
These resources cannot be rebuilt as fast as they are consumed. Hence the ecosystem does not get time to repair the damage caused (such as deforestation, overfishing, draining waste in oceans, global warming, et al).
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