Answer:
Option C, reflux
Explanation:
Reflux is the condition and term used when gastric juice backflows up from the fundus of the stomach through the lower esophageal sphincter and into the esophagus. This can occur following a meal because mastication (chewing) and tasting food can stimulate the activity of digestive enzymes responsible for producing stomach acid -- which makes sense; its entire purpose is to aid in the breakdown of the food bolus that the stomach is preparing to receive by way of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Colloquially, it may be known by a longer name, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), or much shorter and much more commonly, heartburn.
Why Not Other Choices:
Though some of these options may be enticing to select, their technicalities are what separate them from the correct choice in option C, reflux.
Regurgitation occurs when the stomach acid and food bolus medley ascends from the esophagus and into the mouth. Regurgitation follows reflux, but one can have reflux without regurgitation.
Vomiting is the process by which this regurgitated content is expulsed from the mouth. One can also have reflux and regurgitation without vomiting, though it is not a pleasant experience by any means.
Dyspepsia, otherwise known as indigestion, is the general unwell feeling in the abdominal area -- this can range from discomfort and malaise to pain, nausea, flatulence, bloating to a sign of a more serious underlying issue. Dyspepsia can occur independent of the other three choices, but it usually follows reflux as well, because the esophageal tissues are not accustomed to the acidity of gastric juice it encounters.
