The right option is; Mutation
A mutation is a permanent alteration that takes place in the genetic material (DNA) of a cell of an organism. A mutation can be caused due to mistakes that are not corrected in time during DNA replication, or due to environmental factors such sunlight, radiation, and cigarette smoke. Mutations can disrupt the cell cycle, and can cause certain diseases and conditions. For example, cancer; a popular human genetic disease is caused by mutations that take place in a number of growth-controlling genes.
