a.) Let A be the event of the emergency room once and B be the event of visiting the emegency room twice, then
P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) = 0.14 + 0.04 = 0.18
Therefore, the probability of visiting the emergency room one or two times is 0.18
b) P(A) and P(A) = 0.14 x 0.14 = 0.0196
Therefore, for
two randomly chosen Americans in 2001-2002, the approximate
probability that both visited the emergency room exactly once is 0.0196