Genetic drift is a stochastic process where change occurs randomly and can occur by the founder principle and the bottleneck effect, these drastic changes in population size can change the frequency of an allele.
What is genetic drift?
It is a stochastic process that acts together with natural selection changing the allelic frequencies of species over time.
What is the bottleneck effect?
It is an event in which a sudden drastic population decline is experienced due to an environmental event.
What is the founding principle?
It is the loss of genetic information when a small section of a large population becomes independent from it on a different terrain.
Differences between genetic drift, the founder principle and the bottleneck effect
- In the case of the founder principle, genetic drift occurs when a new population is founded by a few individuals.
- The bottleneck effect can be caused by natural disasters, these events can randomly eliminate many members of the population, regardless of their genotypes.
- The two forms of genetic drift are the founder effect and the bottleneck effect.
Therefore, we can conclude that genetic drift can occur by the founder principle and the bottleneck effect and at different times in the evolutionary history of a population.
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