Our experiences, assumptions, and expectations may give us a perceptual set that influences what we perceive. It is an example of top down processing.
Top-down processing is the process of interpreting incoming information by making use of what we already know about the environment (Gregory, 1970).
Top-down theories emphasise the significance of higher mental processes including expectations, beliefs, values, and social influences and are hypothesis-driven. In order to develop hypotheses in response to the appearance of new information, we build schemas throughout our lives out of past experiences, knowledge, emotions, and expectations.
Our bodies offer a form of attention known as top-down. The institutional attention processes in our body can be stimulated by this sort of attention, which, as its name implies, begins at the top, in the cerebral cortex. This enables our knowledge to have a tremendous impact on how we perceive things since it can turn what catches our attention into a desire and sharpen our focus.
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