The rda for nutrients is 2 standard deviations above the average requirement.
The estimated average requirement (EAR) is the amount of a nutrient that is estimated to meet the requirement for a specific criterion of adequacy of half of the healthy individuals of a specific age, sex, and life-stage.
In setting the EAR, the evidence for each possible criterion is considered, and the reason for selecting the criterion that is finally chosen is justified. The amount of the nutrient necessary to meet the appropriate criterion of adequacy varies from one individual to the next, but the data are usually distributed normally or can be transformed to achieve a normal distribution. The EAR is not useful as an estimate of nutrient adequacy in individuals, because it is a mean requirement for a group, and the variation around this number is considerable.
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