When Federal Reserve sells government bonds, commercial banks' reserves decreases.
In quantitative easing, the central bank buys government bonds. When you buy a government bond, its price goes up and the yield (the interest you pay to bondholders) goes down. This yield is also called bond yield. Government bond yields have a significant impact on other lending rates.
When the Federal Reserve buys bonds from bankers, reserves and excess reserves increase by the same amount because no auditable deposits have been created.
A bank reserve is the minimum amount of cash that a bank must hold in case of unexpected demand. Excess reserves are excess cash that banks hold rather than lend out.
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