This sentence is a complex sentence. A complex sentence is a kind of sentence that contains (only) one independent clause and (at least) one dependent clause.
In the sentence above, the two clauses are independent and dependent. One is a dependent clause because it includes the subordinating conjunction because. The easy way to recognize a complex sentence is by paying attention to the use of subordinating conjunctions, such as because, before, if, although, and so on.
If there are two independent clauses and (at least) one dependent clause, then it is called a compound-complex sentence. In complex sentences, you have to use subordinating conjunctions and pay attention to the commas. There should be a comma before the independent clause if the dependent clause comes first. On the contrary, no comma is required if the independent clause comes first.
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