In Mendel's crosses the plants he started with had two alleles of each gene.
Mendel conducted experiments on a pea plant to study the inheritance of characteristics. He conducted several crosses like monohybrid and dihybrid crosses. Based on these crosses he postulated three law: law of dominance, law of segregation, and law of independent assortment.
Alleles are the two alternate forms of a gene. For example for the gene defining the height of any plant, the two alternative forms will be tall and dwarf. The alternative form of gene is generally formed due to some mutation. They occur at the same location on the non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes.
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