Cytotoxic t-cells release granzymes onto infected cells, inducing cell death by apoptosis.
Cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) are a key component of the adaptive immune system and are key for the destruction of viral infected cells.
CTLs are cytotoxic to both host cells with intracellular pathogen infections and tumor cells. These cells are CD8 coreceptor-expressing, and they eliminate infected cells in an antigen-specific way that is dependent on the expression of MHC class I molecules on APCs
CTLs can cause apoptosis in target cells, which causes them to die immediately. The viral genome may be destroyed by nucleases and other enzymes that are active during the apoptotic process.
Virions cannot form, and other cells cannot become infected, as a result. Only the target cell is impacted by CTLs; surrounding tissue cells are unaffected.
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