A species that is well studied so that we can learn more about the way we work is call a model organism.
A model organism is a species that has been extensively studied, typically because it is simple to maintain and breed in a laboratory setting and offers unique experimental benefits.
Model organisms in human disease research allow for a better understanding of the disease process without the added risk of harming an actual human. The species chosen will typically have a determined taxonomic equivalency to humans, allowing them to respond to disease or treatment in a way that resembles human physiology as needed. Although biological activity in a model organism does not guarantee an effect in humans, animal models are used to help develop many drugs, treatments, and cures for human diseases.
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