The cleavage of fructose-1,6 phosphate yields two molecules with three carbons, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. This process is catalysed by the enzyme aldolase. In the presence of triosephosphate isomerase, the dihydroxyacetone phosphate is isomerized to create glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
The break down of chemical bonds is known as bond cleavage or bond fission. When a molecule splits into two or more pieces, this is often referred to as dissociation.
According to how the bond is broken, there are generally two types of bond cleavage: homolytic and heterolytic. The homolytic or heterolytic pathway of a bond can be predicted using the triplet and singlet excitation energy of a sigma bond. The excitation energy of a metal-metal sigma bond is an exception since it cannot be used for observational purposes due to its exceptionally high excitation energy.
Bond cleavage occasionally needs catalysts. Given that the C-H bond has a high bond-dissociation energy of approximately 100 kcal/mol (420 kJ/mol), a significant amount of energy is needed to remove the hydrogen atom from the carbon and then join another atom to the carbon.
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