F2 and F3.
Listeners will perceive synthetic front vowels correctly when presented with F2 and F3.
What is synthetic front vowels?
A set of thirteen two-formant vowels was synthesized and utilized as the basis for labeling and discrimination tests with a sample of English-speaking listeners.
The sounds changed exclusively in the F2/F3 plot, and the resulting vowel characteristics were such that listeners had no trouble attributing each sound to one of three phonemic categories, those of the vowels in bid, bed, and bad.
The findings of the tests were compared to those obtained previously in research with the consonant phonemes /b, d, g/. The findings show that the phoneme boundaries for the three vowel phonemes are less firmly defined than for the stop consonants.
Learn more about vowels
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