During initiation, the small subunit is the first part of the ribosome to associate with the mrna.
How proteins are synthesized?
- A method that has remained remarkably constant throughout evolution allows for the synthesis of proteins from mRNA templates.
- Polypeptide chains are produced from the amino terminus to the carboxy terminus of all mRNAs, which are read in the 5' to 3' direction. According to a nearly universal genetic code, the mRNA specifies each amino acid by three bases (a codon).
- Additionally, the fundamental principles of protein production are the same in all cells: tRNAs act as adaptors between the mRNA template and the amino acids going into the protein during translation on ribosomes.
- Thus, interactions between three different RNA molecule types—mRNA templates, tRNAs, and rRNAs—as well as different proteins necessary for translation are involved in protein synthesis.
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