A data set is a collection of approved data pieces with consistent definitions that are useful for a specific use.
The primary informatics component required for information flow through the national health information system is data standards. Clinical and patient safety systems can share an integrated information architecture where data is collected and repurposed for many purposes to meet the broad spectrum of data collection and reporting needs more efficiently with common standards. Common data standards also facilitate the successful incorporation of new knowledge into decision support tools, such as an alert of a new drug contraindication and care process modifications. This chapter includes both a brief introduction of data standards for the lay reader and a more technical review of the specific data standards required for informatics professionals.
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