Correct option is C. They use the ground for feeding more often than
for perching.
High-flying animals use the ground for food and movement, but very rarely perch. The passage indicates that flying animals flap their wings when climbing steep slopes and runways.
Therefore, option D is incorrect. The statements of option A and B are not supported by text and are therefore incorrect.
"At field sites around the world, Ken Dial saw a pattern in how young pheasants, quail, tinamous, and other ground birds ran along behind their parents. “They jumped up like popcorn,” he said, describing how they would flap their half-formed wings and take short hops into the air. So when a group of graduate students challenged him to come up with new data on the age‑old ground-up-tree-down debate, he designed a project to see what clues might lie in how baby game birds learned to fly.
Ken settled on the Chukar Partridge as a model species, but he might not have made his discovery without a key piece of advice from the local rancher in Montana who was supplying him with birds. When the cowboy stopped by to see how things were going, Ken showed him his nice, tidy laboratory setup and explained how the birds’ first hops and flights would be measured. The rancher was incredulous.
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W A I R takes on surprising explanatory powers. With one fell swoop, the Dials came up with a viable origin for the flapping flight stroke of birds (something gliding animals don’t do and thus a shortcoming of the tree-down theory) and an aerodynamic function for half-formed wings (one of the main drawbacks to the ground-up hypothesis)."
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