Housing the buddha's remains, A stupa is a solid earthen mound faced with stone.
The stupa—which is Sanskrit for "heap"—is a significant component of Buddhist construction. It is typically thought of as a sepulchral monument, which is a place of burial or a container for religious items.
A stupa is primarily an earth burial mound with a stone surface. The stupa was identified with the Buddha's body because the earliest stupas in Buddhism contained some of the Buddha's ashes. The mound of dirt was infused with the vitality of the Buddha by the addition of his ashes.
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