A Myelinated Nerve Fiber is characterized by being covered in myelin sheath whereas an unmyelinated nerve fiber is characterized by being not covered by myelin sheath.
A Myelinated nerve fiber is surrounded by cells called Shawn cells that secrete myelin sheath around them in case of peripheral nervous system. In case of central nervous system some cells called oligodendroglia helps to secrete myelin sheath around the neurons.
The conduction of impulse is fastest in case of myelinated neurons due to insulation provided by myelin sheath and follows a pattern of node to node. While it is a little slow in case of non-myelinated neurons and follows a pattern of moving along the exon.
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