The independent nursing measures that are effective in aiding a patient to expectorate are providing hydration, assisting in cough, suctioning, and Positioning in orthopneic position.
The elderly patients need assisting while coughing as with age their swallowing function has slowed down, and they are not able to discharge their cough by themselves. As they cannot autonomously discharge they require assistance and care so that the cough does not block their airways and be life-threatening.
Also by providing hydrating drinks or water can help the patient to easily expectorate. Furthermore, suctioning and providing psychological assistance helps to aid the patient.
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