More massive white dwarfs are smaller compared with less massive white dwarfs.
A star core remnant known as a white dwarf is primarily made up of electron-degenerate materials. A white dwarf is extremely dense, with a mass similar to that of the Sun and a volume similar to that of the Earth. white dwarfs do not undergo fusion, thus their feeble light is caused by the emission of leftover thermal energy.
When a white dwarf first forms, it is extremely hot, but because it has no energy source, it will gradually cool as it emits its energy into space. This implies that the color temperature of its radiation, which is initially high, will gradually decrease and turn red. A white dwarf cools over a very long time, and its constituent parts start to crystallize at the core. Due to its low temperature, the star will eventually turn into a frigid black dwarf and cease to emit much heat or light. Since the time it takes for a white dwarf to reach this condition is estimated to be longer than the age of the known universe at this moment, it is believed no black dwarf exists.
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