Helper t-cells identify antigens and then multiply and trigger the production of other kinds of immune cells.
What are helper T-cells?
Helper T-cells are one of the main types of immune cells. They detect infections and activate other immune cells to fight the infection.
Your thymus develops helper T-cells. The thymus is a small gland in the front of your chest. The other types of T-cells include:
- Cytotoxic T-cells, which fight infections.
- Regulatory T-cells, which regulate or suppress other immune cells when needed.
- NKT-cells, which can enhance immunity in general.
What are the subtypes of helper T-cells?
When helper T-cells detect an infection, they form into one of two subtypes:
- TH1 helper cells release a molecule that activates a type of cell called a macrophage. Macrophages are specialized cells that help eliminate foreign substances from your body. TH1 cells also activate cytotoxic T-cells.
- TH2 helper cells release molecules that activate B-cells. B-cells create antibodies. They also release cells that cause coughing, sneezing or diarrhea to help your body get rid of foreign substances. This group of T-cells helps generate allergy antibodies.
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