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Advance directives are a tool that allows patients of various ages and health statuses to express their beliefs, goals for care, and treatment choices to inform future healthcare decisions.
What is Advanced directive?
Advance directives are a tool that allows patients of various ages and health statuses to express their beliefs, goals for care, and treatment choices to inform future healthcare decisions. They can be written, spoken, advisory, formal statutory documents, or both. Patients can choose who they want to make decisions for them if they are unable to do so themselves through advance directives. When a patient lacks the capacity to make decisions, they allow doctors and surrogates to make good faith efforts to respect the patient's aims and carry out their preferences.
Advance directives are never more important than the current preferences of a patient who is capable of making decisions. In emergency cases, doctors should make medically appropriate actions when they are urgently required to fulfil the patient's immediate clinical needs when a patient is unable to engage in treatment decisions and there is no surrogate or advance directive available to guide decisions. When the patient's preferences are known, interventions may be discontinued in accordance with their wishes and the ethical guidelines for terminating treatment.
Care of critically ill patients, as in any other field, demands the practice of ethical principles related to the respect of patient autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and distributive justice.
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