The answer is Taxonomy.
The science of describing, naming, and classifying extant and extinct organisms is Taxonomy.
What is taxonomy?
All of the world's plants, animals, and microorganisms are included in taxonomy, which is the science of naming, describing, and classifying species. Taxonomists identify, describe, and classify species, particularly those that are novel to science, using morphological, behavioral, genetic, and biochemical observations. Taxonomy recognizes and catalogs the elements of biological diversity, offering the fundamental information necessary for the management and application of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Unfortunately, our understanding of taxonomy is far from complete. Taxonomists have identified roughly 1.78 million species of animals, plants, and microorganisms throughout the past 250 years of study, but the true number of species is unknown and likely between 5 and 30 million.
Generally speaking, superficial categorization of living things develop according to necessity. Any crawling object, such as a snake, earthworm, intestinal parasite, or dragon, has been referred to, respectively, by the Anglo-Saxon phrases worm and fish. There are more anatomical distinctions between a shellfish and a starfish than there are between a bony fish and a man, despite the fact that the terms shellfish, crayfish, and starfish all include the term "fish." There are many different types of vernacular names. The English robin (Erithacus rubecula) is not the American robin (Turdus migratorius), for instance, while the mountain ash (Sorbus) only superficially resembles a real ash.
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