Answer:
How would you define the philosophy
Confucianism
The main idea of Confucianism is the importance of having a good moral character, which can then affect the world around that person through the idea of “cosmic harmony.” If the emperor has moral perfection, his rule will be peaceful and benevolent.
Daoism
Taoism holds that humans and animals should live in balance with the Tao, or the universe. Taoists believe in spiritual immortality, where the spirit of the body joins the universe after death.
Legalism
Legalism in ancient China was a philosophical belief that human beings are more inclined to do wrong than right because they are motivated entirely by self-interest and require strict laws to control their impulses.
Which philosopher is associated with the ideas?
Confucianism
Mencius is the best-known Confucian philosopher after Confucius himself.
Daoism
Lao Tzu
Legalism
Shang Yang, Li Si, and Hanfeizi
What is the role of family in the philosophy?
Confucianism
Family was the foundation of moral society in Confucianism. Every member of a family had a proper relationship with the others, defined by age, gender and birth order. A minor owed the elders respect, but could also expect protection, and so, everyone was part of this,
Daoism
Parents must also be filial to their children and to their parents. Both parent and child have a natural position and responsibility within the family; therefore natural filial piety is reciprocal.
Legalism
Legalism does not concern itself with familial matters. In addition, Legalism only focused on family members in their capacity as citizens. On the other hand, Confucianism consisted of roles that were to be assumed by family members in an ideal society.
What is the role of governemnt in the philosophy?
Confucianism
The ruler's main function in the Confucian state was to educate and transform the people. This was ideally accomplished not by legal regulation and coercion, but by personal rule, moral example, and mediation in disputes by the emperor and his officials.
Daoism
Daoists have historically had a variety of relationships to political power, but, in general, Daoists stayed away from matters of government, preferring to live naturally and simply. Similarly, wealth, status, and fame were all no-nos.
Legalism
The Legalists advocated government by a system of laws that rigidly prescribed punishments and rewards for specific behaviours. They stressed the direction of all human activity toward the goal of increasing the power of the ruler and the state.
