Answer:
The Middle Passage was the stage of the Atlantic slave trade in which millions of enslaved Africans[1] were forcibly transported to the Americas as part of the triangular slave trade. Ships departed Europe for African markets with manufactured goods (first side of the triangle), which were traded for slaves, as rulers of African states were willing to capture and sell members of other tribes.
Slave ships (also known as Guineamen) transported the human cargo, in wretched conditions, males and females separated, across the Atlantic (second side of the triangle). Mortality was high; those with strong bodies survived. Young females were raped by the crew. The proceeds from sale of the enslaved Africans were then used to buy hides, tobacco, sugar, rum, and raw materials,[2] which would be transported back to northern Europe (third side of the triangle) to complete the triangle.
The First Passage was the forced march of captives (future slaves) from their inland homes to African ports, such as Elmina, where they were imprisoned until they could be loaded onto a buying ship. The Final Passage was the journey from the port of disembarkation, such as Charleston, South Carolina, to the plantation or other destination where they would be put to work. The Middle Passage across the Atlantic joined these two. Voyages on the Middle Passage were large financial undertakings, generally organized by companies or groups of investors rather than individuals.[3]
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