Acids are proton donors and as such have an H that they can easily donate.
Bases are proton acceptors and as such are willing to accept a H into their system. The sometimes have H that could be donated, but this a less favorable reaction. Strong bases often are hydroxides.
Salts are neutral compounds, often created by the reaction of acids and bases. You can often tell a salt by assessing where the cation and anion came from (e.g. KNO₃ is can be derived from KOH + HNO₃O)
