The four major modes of nutrition in prokaryotes are photoautotrophic, chemoautotrophic, photoheterotrophic, and chemoheterotrophic. Their differences, energy source and carbon source are explained below:
WHAT ARE PROKARYOTES?
- Prokaryotes are a group of organisms that do not have their genetic material enclosed in a membrane bound NUCLEUS. They include bacteria, archeae etc.
METABOLISM IN PROKARYOTES:
All organisms, prokaryotes inclusive, need energy for their metabolic activities. They also need carbon. Hence, based on their carbon and energy source, prokaryotes can be:
- Photoautotrophic: These are prokaryotic organisms that use carbon dioxide as their carbon source and light as their energy source. Example is
cyanobacteria.
- Chemoautotrophic: These are prokaryotic organisms that act on inorganic substances as energy source and use carbon dioxide as carbon source. Example is Nitrosomonas bacteria.
- Photoheterotrophic: These are prokaryotic organisms that use light as source of energy but obtain carbon from other organisms (organic sources). Examples are heliobacteria, sulfur bacteria.
- Chemoheterotrophic: These are prokaryotic organisms that act on inorganic substances as energy source but derive their carbon source from organic compounds (other organisms).
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