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Answer:
Stalactites form on the ceiling when water seeps through the ceiling and deposits calcite. Eventually a soda straw develops, which develops into a stalactite after many more depositions of calcite.
Stalagmites form when calcite-rich water falls to the floor from the ceiling, splattering minute amounts of calcite on the floor. After many such depositions, a stalagmite begins to take shape.
Explanation:
In general, we can say that stalactites form on the ceiling of a cave and grow towards the floor, while stalagmites form on the floor and grow towards the ceiling.
More fully, we can say that a stalactite forms when a quantity of water rich in calcite flows through the fissures of a rocky soil and infiltrates the roof of a cave where it also flows, due to the action of gravity. However, this drop of water and calcite does not fall on the cave floor and gets stuck in the ceiling. Over time, the water in this drop will evaporate, but the calcite will sediment in the shape of a ring, still attached to the cave ceiling. This process is repeated countless times, until a hollow calcite tube, called straw, is created. Over time this Straw will start to accumulate sediment and will clog. This promotes a modification of its shape, which changes from a tube to an inverted cone, with a point facing the cave floor. At that point the stalactite is formed.
Stalagmite occurs when the drop of water and calcite falls on the floor of the cave and likewise, the water in the drop will evaporate and the calcite will settle. The more drops that undergo this same process, the calcite sediments accumulate, but this time, they will not form a hollow tube, but a solid tube. This is how stalagmite is formed.
The formation of stalactites and stalagmite lasts for many years and when a stalactite meets a stalagmite, it can form a single structure, called a column.
The calcium rich water gets deposited on the roof and also get deposited on the floor of the caves. This calcite deposition form ring like structures.
The correct answer is:
- Stalactites form on the roof when water flows through the roof and sediments calcite. Eventually, a soda straw forms, that grows into a stalactite after many more accumulations of calcite.
- Stalagmites form when calcite-rich water falls on the ground from the roof, dispersing little amount of calcite on the ground. After many such depositions, a stalagmite starts to take shape.
This can be explained as:
- Stalactite grows on the ceiling towards the floor while the stalagmite form on the floor and form the structure in an upwards direction.
- When the roof caves get infiltrated by the calcium-rich water the stalactite is formed.
- The calcite water gets accumulated over and over and a ring is formed.
- This tubular structure is called straw.
- When the calcite water drops on the floor of the cave then the water will evaporate leaving the calcite behind.
- Over time, this calcite will sediment and will form a solid structure.
Therefore, this is how stalagmite and stalactite are formed.
To learn more about stalagmite and stalactite follow the link:
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