During meiosis, gametes receive different combinations of genes, and the offspring resulting from fertilization has a unique set of chromosomes. After fecundation, independent assortment generates unique gene combinations in the new generation.
The independent assortment of homologous chromosomes leads to gamete containing different sets of genes.
During metaphase I of the meiotic cell division, homologous chromosomes line up at the equator plate of the cell in a random mode.
The consequence of this independent assortment is that gametes receive different gene combinations, which increase genetic variation in offspring and may eventually confer an evolutionary advantage.
The independent assortment of homologous chromosomes and the process of recombination by which non-sister chromatids interchange genetic material are well known to increase genetic variation in the resulting gametic (meiotic) cells.
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