The resting potential of a resting neuron is caused by the differences in ion concentration of the intracellular and extracellular fluids and the relative permeabilities of the plasma membrane to different ion species.
What is neuron?
Neurons also known as nerve cells are the basic components of the brain and nervous system.
They are the cells that receive sensory information from the outside world, give motor orders to our muscles, and convert and relay electrical impulses at every step along the way.
What is resting potential of neuron?
- The electrical charge imbalance that exists between the inside of electrically excitable neurons (nerve cells) and their surroundings is known as resting potential.
- When a cell is not stimulated, its resting membrane potential is defined as the electrical potential difference across the plasma membrane.
- The electrical potential differential across a cell membrane has traditionally been represented in terms of its value inside the cell compared to the extracellular environment.
- The K+ that leaks from the interior of the cell to the outside via leak K+ channels creates a negative charge on the inside of the membrane compared to the outside, resulting in the resting membrane potential.
- Because all of the Na+ channels are closed at rest, the membrane is impermeable to Na+.
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