Clearcutting forest management practices would be the most harmful to forest ecosystems. Further explanation is below.
Clearcutting seems to be a type of timber harvesting through which the majority of the trees through a region have been taken simultaneously period.
The scale of clear-cuts throughout Oregon is limited by law, although proprietors have been required to leave trees throughout specified locations to preserve waterways as well as provide wildlife habitats.
Thus "option a" is correct.
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