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The Turkish–Armenian war (Armenian: Թուրք-հայկական պատերազմ) known in Turkey as the Eastern Operation[13] or Eastern Front (Turkish: Doğu Cephesi) of the Turkish War of Independence, refers to a conflict in the autumn of 1920 between the First Republic of Armenia and the Turkish nationalists, following the signing of the Treaty of Sèvres. After an initial Armenian occupation of what is now eastern Turkey, the army of the Turkish National Movement under Kâzım Karabekir reversed the Armenian gains and further invaded and defeated Armenia, also recapturing territory which the Ottoman Empire had lost to the Russian Empire in 1855 and 1878.[1]
The Turkish military victory was followed by Soviet Union's occupation and Sovietization of Armenia. The Treaty of Moscow (March 1921) between Soviet Russia and the Grand National Assembly of Turkey and the related Treaty of Kars (October 1921) confirmed the territorial gains made by Karabekir and established the modern Turkish–Armenian border.
Armenia had territorial disputes with the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans had tried to move the Armenians during the Armenian Genocide and occupied the South Caucasus during Summer 1918. Armenia resisted until the Allied forces won WWI. The Ottomans maintained their troops along their territorial gains until Spring 1919.
- Genocide is an internationally recognized crime where acts are committed with the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group.
- These actions can be divided into five groups: Killing members of the group. causing members of the group great bodily or mental harm.
- Turkey and Armenia have historically had hostile diplomatic relations that are nominally nonexistent.
The relationship between Turkey and Armenia-
- As of 2015, Turkey spends millions of dollars annually on lobbying to prevent the acknowledgement of the massacre.
- In 2020, Akçam claimed that Turkey had lost the informational battle over the Armenian genocide on all fronts—academic and diplomatic—and that its official story was being viewed like regular denial.
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