The factor that the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850 had in common was the fact that: They both attempted to preserve the Union.
The Union that is being referred to in the question is the Union of the United States. The compromise was done in a way that it would stop states from seceding from the Union.
The issue at hand at the time was slavery. Some states wanted to secede ifb they were not allowed to have slaves.
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