Answer:
d. recessive epistasis
Explanation:
Recessive epistasis is a genetic phenomenon where the recessive gene is able to repress the expression of the dominant gene, presenting a greater number of individuals with the recessive genotype, in the F2 generation, than the number of individuals of the dominant genotype.
An example of this can be seen in the question above, where the F2 generation contained 178 purple, 60 red and 80 white flowers. The white color represents the recessive allele, while the red color presents the dominant allele. The recessive allele was expressed in greater quantity indicating the occurrence of recessive epistasis.