Answer:
a) theory x
Explanation:
James' first year as parts manager for a local dealership was pretty rocky. To ensure that his subordinates would follow through on established goals, he warned them about losing their jobs. James' managerial attitude reflects assumptions underlying: theory x
Theory x is the theory of human behavior management and motivation, it was developed by psychologist Douglas McGregor in 1960. As per the concept of Theory x, people are not motivated and does not like work or taking responsiblities and have very little ambition in life. These people are considered as negative behavior at workplace and it lead to discourage other employees, however, there is other theory y which assume that people are happy to work and give complete effort at work, also willing to take additional responsiblity.
