Answer:
The importance of Mendel observation of the (second filial) which is F2 because F2 generation is produced by crossing F1s to each other.
Explanation:
The F1 (first filial) generation consists of all the offspring from the parents. The F2 (second filial) generation consists of the offspring from allowing the F1 individuals to interbreed . the F2 generation is produced by crossing F1s to each other (interbreeding).
Mendel's Experiment
Mendel first experimented with just one characteristic of a pea plant at a time. He began with flower color. As shown in the figure below, Mendel cross-pollinated purple- and white-flowered parent plants. The parent plants in the experiments are referred to as the P (for parent) generation.
F1 and F2 Generations
The offspring of the P generation are called the F1 (for filial, or “offspring”) generation. As you can see from the Figure above, all of the plants in the F1 generation had purple flowers. None of them had white flowers. Mendel wondered what had happened to the white-flower characteristic. He assumed some type of inherited factor produces white flowers and some other inherited factor produces purple flowers. Did the white-flower factor just disappear in the F1 generation? If so, then the offspring of the F1 generation—called the F2 generation—should all have purple flowers like their parents.
To test this prediction, Mendel allowed the F1 generation plants to self-pollinate. He was surprised by the results. Some of the F2 generation plants had white flowers. He studied hundreds of F2 generation plants, and for every three purple-flowered plants, there was an average of one white-flowered plant.
