Explanation:
The pKa value of acetic acid is determined experimentally by plotting pH titration curve.
The hydrogen ion, H+ concentration can be determined by performing a pH titration of a weak acid with a strong base like NaOH etc.
Starting from the dissociation equation for the acid,
HA(aq) + OH-(aq) --> H3O+(aq) + A−(aq)
we obtain for the point of half equivalence (where half of the acid has reacted with the base):
[A−] = [HA].
From the equilibrium equation
it therefore follows that
pKa = pH.
The titration curve for acetic acid titration using sodium hydroxide, can be used to experimentally determine its pKa.
Acetic acid is a weak acid. This means that it does not dissociate completely in water. To experimentally determine the pka of acetic acid, we need to plot a titration curve. The titration curve is a plot of the pH of a solution against volume of titrant added as the titration progresses.
This titration is carried out using a strong base such as sodium hydroxide. By plotting the titration curve for acetic acid titration using sodium hydroxide, its pKa can be determined from the graph.
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