D)They all used science to challenge accepted beliefs.
Explanation:
- The teachings of Nicholas Copernicus, along with many followers, had martyrs because of the infamous Roman Catholic Inquisition. Bruno was sent by the Inquisition to stake, forcing Galileo under death threat to force the teaching to be misleading.
- One scientist, not much believing in Aristotle's "evidence", began a systematic analysis and experimental verification of the laws of physics, thus making a fundamental turn in understanding the basic physical phenomena. That scientist was Galileo Galileo. He realized that Aristotle was wrong and Copernicus was right, and he could prove it.
- Because of his ideas, Galileo came into conflict with the Church and the Inquisition. He was forced to give up his teaching publicly, saving himself the fate of Bruno and burning himself at the stake.
- He died as a prisoner in his own house in 1642, the same year in London, the future great physicist - Isaac Newton - was born on Christmas day.
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