Answer:
2) repeated self testing as a way to enhance retention of information
Explanation:
The testing effect may be defined as finding the long term memory which often gets increased when some of the learning time or period is given to retrieving or recalling the information that is to be remembered. It is used to retain the information that we have known or studied. Thus the testing effect is self evaluating and is used to enhance the retention power.
Hence the correct option is (2).