Which of the following statements, if true, would support the claim that the NO3− ion, represented above, has three resonance structures? The NO3− ion is not a polar species. A The oxygen-to-nitrogen-to-oxygen bond angles are 90°. B One of the bonds in NO3− is longer than the other two. C One of the bonds in NO3− is shorter than the other two.

calculate the total number of valence electrons: five from nitrogen, each oxygen contributes 6, so a total of 18 from oxygen atoms, as well as one from the negative charge, we have a total of 24 valence electrons;
assign the central atom, usually this is the atom which is single; in this case, we have nitrogen as our central atom;
assign single bonds to all the terminal atoms (oxygen atoms);
assign octets to the terminal atoms and calculate the number of electrons assigned;
the number of electrons assigned is 24, so no lone pairs are present on nitrogen;
calculate the formal charges: each oxygen has a formal charge of -1 (formal charge is calculated subtracting the sum of lone pair electrons and bonds from the number of valence electrons of that atom); nitrogen has a formal charge of +2;
nitrogen doesn't have an octet as well, so we'll both minimize its formal charge and make it obtain an octet if we make one double bond N=O.

Therefore, we may have 3 resonance structures, as this double bond might be formed with any of the 3 oxygen atoms.

By definition, double bonds are shorter than single ones, so one of the bonds is shorter than the other two.

pstnonsonjoku pstnonsonjoku · Answer 2 · 2021-10-23T10:43:57+02:00

The claim that, if true would support the claim that the NO3− ion has three resonance structures is that; "The NO3− ion is not a polar species."

The existence of resonance in a molecule implies that all the bond lengths and bond angles are equal. Looking at the resonance structures as shown in the image attached, we can see that the nitrate ion is a triatomic specie.

Triatomic molecules are symmetrical hence the N-O bond angles in the nitrate ion is 120°. Recall that symmetrical molecules are nonpolar. Hence if the resonance structures for nitrate ion are true then the nitrate ion will be nonpolar.

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