Question 53 (1 point)
"Black smokers" are associated with .

Question 53 options:

oceanic ridges

metal-rich sulfide deposits

hot water

all of the above (1, 2, 3 or a, b, c)

Question 54 (1 point)
The forms the relatively cool, brittle plates of plate tectonics.

Question 54 options:

lithosphere

eosphere

asthenosphere

astrosphere

Question 55 (1 point)
Springs occur where the water table intersects the land surface.

Question 55 options:
True
False
Question 56 (1 point)
Variations in atmospheric composition can be studied using ice cores some of which provide information going back about 800,000 years.

Question 56 options:
True
False

Explanation: Black smokers are generated in the mid oceanic ridges and during the underwater volcanic eruption, which is a hot vent releasing black colored smokes of sulfur from it. They are often associated with the Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide (VMS) deposits.

The lithosphere is the rigid broken plates that are relatively cool and flows over the weaker and viscous asthenosphere layer.

When the groundwater flow intersects the ground level, it forces the water to come out to the surface forming a spring.

The study of changing atmospheric composition along with the ice cores, helps in determing the age upto 800,000 years. But recently, a new discovery has made, in which the ice cores helped in dating back to about 1.5 million years.