To model an ionized atom ; add or remove electron(s) from the atom
To model a radioactive atom; increase the number of Neutron or proton in the nucleus
An atom is neutrally charged because the charge/number of the electrons ( negative charge ) is equal to the charge/number that the proton carries ( positive charge ). these charges cancel out each other making the atom neutrally charged.
To sketch a model of an ionized atom we will add or remove electron(s) from the atom because when an electron is added or removed it distorts the neutrality of the atom ( i.e. the atom becomes positively or negatively charged) which makes it an ionized atom.
To model a radioactive atom the number of protons will have to greater than or less than the number of neutrons contained in the nucleus of the atom. because a radioactive atom contains either more neutrons or more proton in its nucleus.
Hence we can conclude that to model an ionized atom is done by adding or removing electron(s) from the atom while to model a radioactive atom we add additional Neutron or proton to the nucleus
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