The answer is option D.
The total amount of money the student gets depends on how many hours he works, how many bakery items and drink he sells. And the more he works/sells, the more money he gets.
This concept is called direct proportionality, meaning exactly that when one quantity changes, the other changes accordingly as well.
So, if each hour is worth 12$, it means that we must multply the number of hours worked by 12. So, the part of the income coming from the hours worked is [tex] 12h [/tex], if [tex] h [/tex] is the number of hours worked.
The same goes with bakery items sold: each item will get 0.50$ dollars to the student, so the number of items sold must be multiplied by 0.50. You only need to note that, written in fraction, we have
[tex] 0.50 = \frac{50}{100} = \frac{1}[2} [/tex]
So, the part of the income coming from the bakery items sold is [tex] \frac{b}{2} [/tex], if [tex] b [/tex] is the number of bakery items.
The drinks work exactly in the same way, except that now you have
[tex] 0.25 = \frac{25}{100} = \frac{1}[4} [/tex]
So, the part of the income coming from the drinks sold is [tex] \frac{d}{4} [/tex], if [tex] d [/tex] is the number of drinks.