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The coordinates of a rectangle are (4, 0), (8, 0), (4, 10) and (8, 10). Which transformation results in a reduction in the size of a rectangle?

A) The rectangle reflects across the y-axis. B) The rectangle undergoes a dilation by a scale factor of 2. C) The rectangle translates 3 units to the left and 6 units up. D) The rectangle undergoes a dilation by a scale factor of 0.5.