Which of the following chemical reactions occurs when solid calcium carbonate is heated?
a) Solid calcium carbonate reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide.
b) Solid calcium carbonate decomposes to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide gas.
c) Solid calcium carbonate decomposes to form calcium sulfate and oxygen gas.
d) Solid calcium carbonate reacts with magnesium to form calcium magnesium oxide and carbon dioxide gas.