Study 1 compared a new nicotine replacement patch vs. an old nicotine replacement patch for smoking cessation. (Yay for reproducibility!) Study 2 was very similar. Study 2 compared (the same) new nicotine replacement patch vs. old nicotine replacement patch for smoking cessation in a similar population. The primary outcome of interest for both studies was a seven-day quit rate (new vs. old). The two trials had very similar, significant p values: 0.037 (Study 1) and 0.041 (Study 2). Select the best response.
1) Because both p values were less than 0.05, both studies show clinically important results.
2) Because the p values are similar, the difference in the proportion quit rate (new vs. old) is likely similar in the two studies.
3) Even though the p values are similar and significant, we cannot determine if the two studies showed that the new patch was more effective.
4) Because the p values are significant, we can conclude that both studies showed the new nicotine patch was more effective than the old patch.