Which of the following statements would most likely be made by Cesare Beccaria?
1) The torture of suspects is permitted to force the guilty to confess.
2) There should be a delay between the commission of the crime and the imposition of punishment, to prevent the wrongful conviction of the innocent.
3) Punishment should only be severe enough to outweigh the personal benefits derived from crime commission.
4) The primary purpose of punishment should be retribution.